（雅思課外精讀）受疫情重創(chuàng)各大合唱團(tuán)將面臨倒閉

雅思托?？荚囀侨蜃顝V泛使用的英語語言考試之一，被許多國家的大學(xué)、移民機(jī)構(gòu)、企業(yè)和政府部門用作衡量語言能力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?？忌枰诼?、說、讀、寫四個方面進(jìn)行測試，其中有不少同學(xué)想要了解：【雅思課外精讀】受疫情重創(chuàng)，各大合唱團(tuán)將面臨倒閉，那么下面中國教育在線小編就來和大家分享一番。

Voices off

失聲

Choral singing has been hit hard by the pandemic

合唱受到新冠疫情的嚴(yán)重打擊

1. A FEW MONTHS ago Emilia Olsson, a social worker in Sweden, received an email from her amateur choir informing her that, because of covid-19, there would be no rehearsals for a couple of weeks. Then they were cancelled until the summer. She missed the music-making, Ms Olsson says, but especially the sense of community, which had prompted her to join the choir in the first place.

幾個月前，瑞典社會工作者艾米莉亞奧爾森(Emilia Olsson)收到了一封來自她的業(yè)余唱詩班的電子郵件，通知她，受新冠疫情影響未來幾周不能排練了。后來，排練完全被取消了。奧爾森說，她想念音樂，但尤其懷念當(dāng)初大家在一起的感覺，正是因為這種社區(qū)的歸屬感她才加入了合唱隊的。

2. A quintessentially social art form, choral singing has been devastated by the pandemic. Suddenly, groups of people exhaling together in close proximity seem dangerous. According to Sonja Greiner of the European Choral Association-Europa Cantat (ECA-EC), an umbrella group for choirs, rumours of super-spreading at rehearsals were unfounded. In any event, they were suspended en masse, along with concerts and church services.

合唱作為一種典型的社會性藝術(shù)，已經(jīng)被新冠疫情摧毀。突然之間，一群人聚在一起呼吸變得很危險了。據(jù)唱詩班傘形集團(tuán)歐洲合唱協(xié)會(ECA-EC)的Sonja Greiner說，合唱團(tuán)排練造成病毒大肆傳播的謠言是毫無根據(jù)的。然而，不管怎樣，這些活動連同音樂會和教堂儀式一起被要求暫停。

3. All this is causing financial hardship for professional singers and heartbreak for amateurs. According to Chorus America, a networking group, 42.6m Americans regularly sing in choirs; the country has almost 270,000 choruses, most of them religious. In Europe an estimated 37m people take part. In many places, choirs bring together individuals who have little in common besides a love of music. Researchers at Oxford University, and at the universities of Oldenburg and Vienna, have found that amateur choral singing helps establish bonds and boosts feelings of connectedness.

這專業(yè)歌手造成了經(jīng)濟(jì)困難，也讓業(yè)余歌手心碎。網(wǎng)絡(luò)組織美國合唱團(tuán)稱，有4260萬美國人經(jīng)常在唱詩班唱歌，而美國有近27萬合唱團(tuán)，其中大部分都是宗教性質(zhì)的合唱團(tuán)。在歐洲，估計有3700萬人參加各種合唱團(tuán)。在許多地方，唱詩班把熱愛音樂的人們聚集到了一起。牛津大學(xué)、奧爾登堡大學(xué)和維也納大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，業(yè)余合唱有助于建立聯(lián)系，增強(qiáng)聯(lián)系感。

4. In a recent survey by the ECA-EC, virtually all respondents said their choirs had been affected by the virus. Some are able to rehearse online, but the social aspectthe main appeal for many singers, which now makes the activity seem riskyis harder to replicate. The joy of making music with others, says Annie Sedley, who sings with the Royal Free Music Society Choir in north London, the excitement of the performanceall that has gone. Her choir meets for Zoom sessions while its members dream of getting together again. The choir plays an important role at our church, says Charles Olson, who sings at North Park Covenant Church in Chicago, so this situation is devastating.

歐洲合唱協(xié)會最近的一項調(diào)查稱，幾乎所有的受訪者都說他們的唱詩班受到了疫情的影響。有些合唱團(tuán)可以在網(wǎng)上排練，但是對很多人來說最具吸引力的合唱團(tuán)社交卻使得這項活動看起來很危險，而且這種社交是很難在以后去復(fù)制和補(bǔ)充的。在倫敦北部皇家自由音樂協(xié)會唱詩班演唱的安妮塞德莉說，和別人一起唱歌的歡樂，表演的興奮都不復(fù)存在。她的合唱團(tuán)在Zoom上排練，而成員們夢想著再次相聚。唱詩班在我們的教堂里扮演著重要的角色，在芝加哥北公園圣約教堂唱歌的查爾斯奧爾森說，所以這種情況是毀滅性的。

5. Like other artists, meanwhile, professional singers, most of whom are freelancers, are struggling financially. Theres just no work, laments Lawrence Wallington, a British bass who has sung with the choir of Westminster Abbey, among others. Mr Wallington doesnt know when he will perform again; he is hoping that a concert scheduled for November will prove feasible. By then he will have gone more than half a year without choral singingand without an income.

與此同時，與其他藝術(shù)家一樣，職業(yè)歌手(大多數(shù)是自由職業(yè)者)也陷入財務(wù)危機(jī)。曾在威斯敏斯特教堂唱詩班演唱過的英國男低音勞倫斯沃林頓(Lawrence Wallington)感嘆道:沒有工作。沃林頓先生不知道他什么時候能夠再次演出；他希望今年11月份可以舉行音樂會。到那時，他已經(jīng)有半年多沒有演唱，也有半年多沒有任何收入了。

6. Westminster Abbeys choir, which kept singing through the second world war, is bound to survive the pandemic. Others will adapt to a new, socially distanced reality. Justin Doyle, conductor of the RIAS Chamber Choir in Berlin, suggests the disruption could be a spur to new formats. After the hiatus, his groups live performances may involve three teams of singers taking turns to deliver the same programme to small audiences. We can innovate more than football can, Mr Doyle reckons.

威斯敏斯特教堂的唱詩班在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間一直在演唱，勢必會挺過此次疫情。其他合唱樂團(tuán)將不得不適應(yīng)當(dāng)前新的，社交距離遙遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實。柏林RIAS室內(nèi)唱詩班的指揮賈斯汀多伊爾認(rèn)為，這種混亂可能會刺激新的唱腔形式。演出停止后，他的團(tuán)隊可能會有三組歌手輪流為小部分觀眾演唱同樣的節(jié)目。道爾先生認(rèn)為:我們可以比足球更有創(chuàng)新。

7. But without targeted financial support, many other ensembles may have to fold; the prospects of the highly regarded Vienna Boys Choir, among others, look bleak. For many enthusiasts, life after lockdown will be less melodious, and lonelier.

但是，如果沒有目標(biāo)明確的財政支持，許多其他綜合演唱團(tuán)隊可能不得不解散;備受推崇的維也納少年合唱團(tuán)的前景不容樂觀。對于許多合唱愛好者來說，封鎖后的生活將不再那么悅耳，而且會更加孤獨(dú)。

精讀解析

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)P1P2：受疫情影響，合唱隊排練停止。P3P5：合唱停止對歌手的影響：財務(wù)危機(jī)；找不到聯(lián)系感。P6：疫情可能會改變合唱形式。P7：有的合唱團(tuán)受疫情影響會解散，而人們的生活也會受到影響。

重點單詞rehearsal /r ? h ? ? s( ? )l/ n. 練習(xí), 排練, 排演【例句】The dance group is ready for rehearsal.舞群準(zhǔn)備排練。

prompt /pr ? m(p)t/ adj. 敏捷的，迅速的；立刻的vt. 促進(jìn)；激起；提示；（給演員）提白【短語】prompt shipment 即期裝船prompt in 對很迅速prompt attention 從速辦理prompt delivery 限時專送【例句】The manager replied with promptness and courtesy.那經(jīng)理思路敏捷、彬彬有禮地作了答復(fù)。

umbrella group 傘形集團(tuán)；綜合組織

quintessential / ? kw ? nt ?? sen ?? l/ adj. 精髓的;典型的；第五元素的【例句】He was the quintessential tough guystrong, silent, and self-contained.他是個典型的硬漢強(qiáng)壯、沉默寡言、持重。

devastate /dev ? ste ? t/ vt. 毀壞;使荒蕪；在感情上(精神上、財務(wù)上等)壓垮【同根】devastation n. 毀壞，荒廢【例句】He was devastated by the rude remark.他被粗魯?shù)难哉摂嚮枇祟^。

exhale / ? kshe ? l/ vt.vi. 呼出;發(fā)散出【例句】Sweet odours exhale from flowers.花兒散發(fā)出花香。

proximity /pr ? ks ? m ? t ? / n. 接近, 附近【短語】close proximity 極為貼近in close proximity to 與靠得很近，接近proximity effect 鄰近效應(yīng)，接近效應(yīng)；近距離效果proximity switch 接近開關(guān)，引發(fā)開關(guān)in the proximity of 在附近【例句】Their house is in close proximity to ours.他們的房子很接近我們的。

en masse全體地；一同地【例句】If they disagreed what he was doing in foreign policy, theyd all threatened to resign en masse.如果他們不同意總統(tǒng)在外交政策上的決定，他們會以集體辭職來進(jìn)行威脅。

replicate /repl?ke?t/ vt. 復(fù)制;重復(fù)【例句】If the virus cannot replicate itself, it cannot cause illness.如果病毒不能變異，也就不能夠誘發(fā)疾病了。

freelancer /frilns ? / n. 自由作家;自由記者【短語】freelance consultant 自由職業(yè)顧問freelance work 自由職業(yè)freelance writer 自由撰稿人【例句】He derives his income from freelance work.他以自由職業(yè)獲取收入。

lament /l ? ment/ n. 挽歌；慟哭；悲痛之情v. 悲嘆；悔恨；哀悼【短語】lament over 哀悼；為而悲痛【例句】He composed a lament to the dead soldier.他為那位陣亡的戰(zhàn)士譜寫了一首挽歌。

feasible /fi ? z ? b( ? )l/ adj. 可行的；可能的；可實行的【例句】A tunnel was not considered economically feasible.從經(jīng)濟(jì)上考慮，用隧道并不可行。

be bound to勢必會；注定會【例句】And striving hard for big things is bound to lead you to painful falls.對大事情的強(qiáng)求，勢必會把你引向痛苦的失敗的。

spur /sp ? ? / n. 馬刺；鼓舞，刺激；山坡v. 騎馬疾馳；給予刺激；激勵【例句】International competition is a spur to modernization.國際間的競爭是走向現(xiàn)代化的動力。

hiatus /ha ? e ? t ? s/ n. 裂縫，空隙；脫漏部分【同根】hiatal adj. [解]裂孔的；非等粒的；空隙的【例句】All of my favorites are being renewed, with one taking a short hiatus.所有我最喜歡的節(jié)目都將迎來新一季, 只有一檔會短暫中斷。

innovate / ? n ? ve ? t/ vt. 創(chuàng)始；改變；創(chuàng)立；引人【同根】innovation n. 改革, 革新, 創(chuàng)新；新觀念, 新方法, 新發(fā)明innovative adj. 新發(fā)明的, 新引進(jìn)的; 革新的; 有改革精神的；樂于引進(jìn)新觀念的【短語】innovate in 對革新【例句】We must innovate in order to make progress.我們必須改革以便取得進(jìn)步。

ensemble /?ns?mb(?)l/ n. 全體；總效果；全套服裝；全套家具；合奏組【例句】The group is one of just a handful of all-women ensembles in Ivory Coast.這個團(tuán)體是 科特迪瓦為數(shù)不多的全女子樂隊。

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