雅思寫(xiě)作精華語(yǔ)料老齡化及其解決辦法

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Ageing Is a Drag

Population ageing has economists worried about everything from soaring pension costs to chronically weak economic growth.人口老齡化讓經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家在各方面都很擔(dān)憂(yōu)，從激增的養(yǎng)老金到長(zhǎng)期疲軟的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。

The trend slows growth in several ways. One is that there are fewer new workers to boost output. Workforces in many countries are already shrinking because of demographic change. 老齡化趨勢(shì)從幾個(gè)方面會(huì)減緩經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。第一，增加產(chǎn)出的新工人更少了。許多國(guó)家的勞動(dòng)力已經(jīng)在減少，由于人口結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。 As the number of elderly people increases, governments may neglect growth-boosting public investment in education and infrastructure in favour of spending on pensions and health care. People in work, required to support ever more pensioners, must pay higher taxes.隨著老年人數(shù)量的增加，政府可能會(huì)忽略對(duì)教育和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)刺激性公共投資，而是投資養(yǎng)老金和醫(yī)療保障。工作的人必須要承擔(dān)更高的稅來(lái)支持更多的養(yǎng)老金領(lǐng)取者。

But the biggest hit to growth comes from weakening productivity because some capabilities, notably physical ones, deteriorate with age. 但是對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增加最大的打擊源于降低生產(chǎn)力，因?yàn)橐恍┠芰?，尤其是身體上的，會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而退化。

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