劍橋雅思12test7passage2閱讀原文翻譯

劍橋雅思12test7passage2這篇閱讀，該篇閱讀的主題是地理與健康的交叉學科，本文和大家分享一下該篇閱讀原文翻譯，想要了解的小伙伴一起隨我接著往下看。

劍橋雅思12test7passage2閱讀原文翻譯

段落A

While many diseases that affect humans have been eradicated due to improvements in vaccinations and the availability of healthcare,there are still areas around the world where certain health issues are more prevalent.In a world that is far more globalized than ever before,people come into contact with one another through travel and living closer and closer to each other.As a result,super-viruses and other infections resistant to antibiotics are becoming more and more common.

雖然由于疫苗接種的進步和健康服務的存在，許多影響人類的疾病已經被徹底消除，但世界上仍然有一些區(qū)域更為盛行某種特定的健康問題。在一個全球化程度前所未有的世界里，人們在旅行中彼此接觸，住的也越來越密集。這樣一來，對抗生素存在抗性的超級病毒和其他感染正變得越來越常見。

段落B

Geography can often play a very large role in the health concerns of certain populations.For instance,depending on where you live,you will not have the same health concerns as someone who lives in a different geographical region.Perhaps one of the most obvious examples of this idea is malaria-prone areas,which are usually tropical regions that foster a warm and damp environment in which the mosquitos that can give people this disease can grow.Malaria is much less of a problem in high-altitude deserts,for instance.

地理位置在特定人群的健康問題中扮演著重要角色。例如，取決于你生活在哪里，你與居住在另外一個地理區(qū)域的人將會有著不同的健康困擾?；蛟S這一觀點最明顯的證據之一就是那些瘧疾高發(fā)區(qū)域。它們通常都是熱帶地區(qū)，造就了溫暖潮濕的環(huán)境，滋生能夠給人類帶來這種疾病的蚊子。瘧疾在高緯度沙漠這樣的地方就不算是一個重大問題。

段落C

In some countries,geographical factors influence the health and well-being of the population in very obvious ways.In many large cities,the wind is not strong enough to clear the air of the massive amounts of smog and pollution that cause asthma,lung problems,eyesight issues and more in the people who live there.Part of the problem is,of course,the massive number of cars being driven,in addition to factories that run on coal power.The rapid industrialization of some countries in recent years has also led to the cutting down of forests to allow for the expansion of big cities,which makes it even harder to fight the pollution with the fresh air that is produced by plants.

在一些國家，地理因素以十分明顯的方式影響著人群的健康。在許多大城市，風力不足以清除空氣中的大量霧霾和污染。它們給居住在那里的人造成哮喘、肺部疾病、視力問題和許多其他疾病。當然，這一問題的部分原因在于路上行駛的大量汽車，以及依賴煤炭能源的工廠。近年來一些國家迅速的工業(yè)化也造成森林被大量砍伐，以便為大城市的擴展騰出空間。如此一來，想要靠植物制造的新鮮空氣來對抗污染就變得愈發(fā)的困難。

段落D

It is in situations like these that the field of health geography comes into its own.It is an increasingly important area of study in a world where diseases like polio are re-emerging,respiratory diseases continue to spread,and malaria-prone areas are still fighting to find a better cure.Health geography is the combination of,on the one hand,knowledge regarding geography and methods used to analyse and interpret geographical information,and on the other,the study of health,diseases and healthcare practices around the world.The aim of this hybrid science is to create solutions for common geography-based health problems.While people will always be prone to illness,the study of how geography affects our health could lead to the eradication of certain illnesses,and the prevention of others in the future.By understanding why and how we get sick,we can change the way we treat illness and disease specific to certain geographical locations.

正是在這樣一些情況下，健康地理這一領域應運而生。它的重要性在如今這個世界日益增長。諸如小兒麻痹之類的疾病又在重新冒頭，呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病在持續(xù)不斷地傳播，瘧疾肆虐的地區(qū)還在努力尋找更好的治療方案。健康地理學一方面結合地理知識和用于分析解讀地理信息的方法，另一方面又包括對世界范圍內健康、疾病和醫(yī)療實踐的研究。這一混合科學的目的是為那些常見的基于地理因素的健康問題提供解決方案。雖然人們總會得病，但研究地理如何影響我們的健康能夠消除特定的疾病，并在未來預防其他疾病。通過弄清楚我們?yōu)槭裁匆约叭绾蔚貌?，我們可以改變治療某些地理區(qū)域所特有的疾病的方法。

段落E

The geography of disease and ill health analyses the frequency with which certain diseases appear in different parts of the world,and overlays the data with the geography of the region,to see if there could be a correlation between the two.Health geographers also study factors that could make certain individuals or a population more likely to be taken ill with a specific health concern or disease,as compared with the population of another area.Health geographers in this field are usually trained as healthcare workers,and have an understanding of basic epidemiology as it relates to the spread of diseases among the population.

疾病和亞健康地理會分析某些特定疾病出現在世界上不同區(qū)域的頻率，并將這些數據與該地區(qū)的地理特征將疊加，以研究兩者之間是否存在關系。健康地理學家也會通過與其他地區(qū)的人口進行對比，研究使得特定個體或群體更容易遭受某種健康問題困擾或染上某種疾病的因素。這一領域的健康地理學家通常會作為醫(yī)務人員接受訓練，并且懂得傳染學的基本知識，因為它與疾病在人群中的傳播有關。

段落F

Researchers study the interactions between humans and their environment that could lead to illness(such as asthma in places with high levels of pollution)and work to create a clear way of categorizing illnesses,diseases and epidemics into local and global scales.Health geographers can map the spread of illnesses and attempt to identify the reasons behind an increase or decrease in illnesses,as they work to find a way to halt the further spread or re-emergence of diseases in vulnerable populations.

研究者會研究那些可能引發(fā)疾病的、人類與環(huán)境之間的相互影響(例如高污染地區(qū)的哮喘)，并創(chuàng)造一種清晰的方式，將疾病、疫情和傳染病按照本地和全球的規(guī)模進行分類。健康地理學家在尋找方法阻止疾病在易感染人群中的進一步傳播或重新冒頭時，會繪制疾病傳播的地圖，并試圖找出疾病上升或者下降背后的因素。

段落G

The second subcategory of health geography is the geography of healthcare provision.This group studies the availability(or lack thereof)of healthcare resources to individuals and populations around the world.In both developed and developing nations there is often a very large discrepancy between the options available to people in different social classes,income brackets,and levels of education.Individuals working in the area of the geography of healthcare provision attempt to assess the levels of healthcare in the area(for instance,it may be very difficult for people to get medical attention because there is a mountain between their village and the nearest hospital).These researchers are on the frontline of making recommendations regarding policy to international organisations,local government bodies and others.

健康地理學的第二個分支是健康醫(yī)療資源供給的地理特性。它研究世界各地的個體和群體是否享有(或缺乏)醫(yī)療資源。無論是在發(fā)達國家還是在發(fā)展中國家，不同社會階層、收入水平和教育程度的人群所擁有的選擇往往存在巨大差異。健康醫(yī)療供給地理學領域的研究者試圖評估該區(qū)域的醫(yī)療保障水平(例如，如果人們居住的村莊與最近的醫(yī)院之間隔著一座大山的話，他們想要獲得醫(yī)療照料就是一件非常困難的事情)。這些研究者工作在第一線，為國際組織、當地政府和其他機構的政策提供建議。

段落H

The field of health geography is often overlooked,but it constitutes a huge area of need in the fields of geography and healthcare.If we can understand how geography affects our health no matter where in the world we are located,we can better treat disease,prevent illness,and keep people safe and well.

健康地理學這一領域經常受到忽視，但它在地理學和醫(yī)療領域存在巨大的需求。如果無論我們處于世界何處，都能夠理解地理影響我們健康的方式，那么我們就可以更好的治療和預防疾病，保障人們的健康和安全。

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