托福閱讀中句子簡化題要怎么突破邏輯關(guān)系之間要如何理解呢

雅思托?？荚囀侨蜃顝V泛使用的英語語言考試之一，被許多國家的大學(xué)、移民機(jī)構(gòu)、企業(yè)和政府部門用作衡量語言能力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?？忌枰诼?、說、讀、寫四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行測試，其中有不少同學(xué)想要了解：托福閱讀中句子簡化題要怎么突破？邏輯關(guān)系之間要如何理解呢？，那么下面中國教育在線小編就來和大家分享一番。

1. 轉(zhuǎn)折

信號詞：but, nevertheless, however, though，even though

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系在中文當(dāng)中翻譯過來就是但是，這里我們需要注意的是，我們看句子的時(shí)候，還要注意轉(zhuǎn)折的句子強(qiáng)調(diào)的對象有沒有顛倒。比如：他天天去健身房健身，但是看起來還是很娘。這句話重點(diǎn)在后半句，看起來很娘。但是， 如果你把轉(zhuǎn)折信號詞前后的內(nèi)容寫顛倒，就成了他看起來很娘，但是他天天去健身房，前后順序互換之后，句子的重點(diǎn)明顯就發(fā)生了改變。做托福閱讀當(dāng)中的句子簡化題也是這樣，當(dāng)我們一眼看出是什么邏輯關(guān)系后，接下來要關(guān)心的就是，選項(xiàng)句子有沒有改變原文句子意思。

例如：

Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms.

A. When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature.

B. Although they seem permanent, hills and mountains exist for a relatively short period of geological time.

C. Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms.

首先，我們看到原句當(dāng)中有一個(gè)but，所以我們可以判斷這個(gè)句子當(dāng)中存在有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，這時(shí)候我們要做的，就是把選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的AD選項(xiàng)排除掉。然后，我們看原句當(dāng)中，轉(zhuǎn)折的兩個(gè)對象分別是什么，原句前面有permanence，but后面有short time，所以，是在這兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行對比，但C選項(xiàng)的前半部分沒有體現(xiàn)出permanence這個(gè)信息，最后，我們可以判斷B選項(xiàng)和原句相對應(yīng)的。

2.因果

信號詞：since, because, so ,as a result of/from

因果關(guān)系其實(shí)和轉(zhuǎn)折是一樣的道理，如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)原句當(dāng)中是因果邏輯關(guān)系的話，我們首先在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中排除掉非因果關(guān)系的選項(xiàng)。然后，因果關(guān)系的句子中，因和果的內(nèi)容也是不能互換的，就像因?yàn)橥懈：芘?，所以我們很愛。和因?yàn)槲覀兒軔?，所以托福很虐。是完全相反的意思?/p>

例如：

The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.

A. Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.

B. Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land.

C. The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort.

D. Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.

原句當(dāng)中，有result from，所以是因果關(guān)系的句子，這樣，我們可以輕輕松松把C和D選項(xiàng)排除。并且，result from這個(gè)短語的前面是果，后面是因并且，后面還有as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.。所以說，the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected和the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process都是原因，我們只要找到選項(xiàng)中哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是的原因是這兩點(diǎn)的同義替換就可以了。A選項(xiàng)的reverse和affect是和這兩點(diǎn)原因相對應(yīng)的。

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