怎樣才能寫出高質(zhì)量的托福作文？

隨著人們經(jīng)濟水平的提高，對于很多家庭來說，留學不再是一個可望而不可及的事情，許多人都想要留學，那其中怎樣才能寫出高質(zhì)量的托福作文？？針對這個問題，下面中國教育在線小編就來和大家分享一下。

作文時托?？荚嚤乜純?nèi)容，無法躲避，只能迎面直擊了，那如何才能把托福寫出水平，顯示學員的高水準發(fā)揮呢？那就得看你寫的內(nèi)容是否高質(zhì)量了，作文內(nèi)容質(zhì)量高才是吸引考官，和贏得高分的必備條件，那如何做到如此呢？那下面就讓我們一起學習托福作文段落的展開。先看這樣一道題：In general, people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon.

假設(shè)我們審題之后，決定寫這樣三個段落：食物條件的改善；醫(yī)療技術(shù)的進步；經(jīng)濟、社會環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定以其中第二個理由為例，這個理由要被寫成三個段落中的第二個段落，那么這個段落大約應(yīng)該是100詞左右的篇幅(托福獨立作文部分字數(shù)要求是300~350詞)。主題句可以很簡單，“現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療技術(shù)步使人們活得越來越久?！保骸癕odern medical technologies have made people live longer.”

有的人可能會認為這個句子太短，于是，就寫成“Modern medical technologies have made more and more people live longer and longer.”——這是很惡心的。很多人誤以為句子寫得越長越好，詞匯用得越難越好(有相當數(shù)量的老師也確實這么認為)，事實上并非如此。當然，如果有些人一定要認為這個由8個詞構(gòu)成的主題句太簡陋，那也不是不可以換成這樣一個由20個詞構(gòu)成的句子：“The rapid development of modern medical technologies is one of most important factors that contribute to current longer life expectancy. ”

無論怎樣，這樣的句子誰都應(yīng)該寫得出來，因為沒有一個不會寫的詞——基本上都是初中詞匯就可以解決的。那接下來要寫什么呢?比如，接著可以給出理由，“因為有些病過去不能治但現(xiàn)在能治了”：“Many diseases for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to modern medical technologies. ”

再一次，這是個基本上誰都可以寫得出來的句子，因為又是一個基本上只使用初中詞匯的句子。四舍五入一下，把這個18個詞構(gòu)成的句子算作20個詞。那么這個段落已經(jīng)有了40個詞，還差60個詞的篇幅，那寫些什么呢?接下來，可能就應(yīng)該提供一些具體的例子、細節(jié)了，“那哪些病過去不能治現(xiàn)在能治了呢?”比如，“猩紅熱”——會寫么?再比如“百日咳”——會寫么?又比如“肺結(jié)核”——會寫么?問題就出在這里了：不是想不到，而是想到了卻根本不會寫。

之前看到的那篇習作中，學生在舉例說明“瀕臨滅絕動物很重要”的時候，其實也很可能并非沒想到“東北虎”、“揚子鱷”、“丹頂鶴”之類的準確而又恰當?shù)睦樱赡艿氖恰岸枷氲搅藚s都不會寫”，所以只好寫了個自己會寫的——“spiders”!

講到這里，大家就應(yīng)該明白托福作文高分的關(guān)鍵了。其實只需要提前做好功課就好：給題庫中的每道題1) 不僅要列大綱，還要2) 落實具體細節(jié)，然后3) 查詞典。只羅列大綱是沒用的，因為那只不過是完成了具體任務(wù)中的20%不到而已，并且還是容易的那20%。真正有效的、真正困難一些的是剩下的80%，到了考場上，可不能查詞典，不能參考語法書，不能用Google，所以，不提前做好功課，一切都是白費。做功課的時候，把想到的具體細節(jié)落實到紙面上也很重要，因為如果不這么做的話，一會兒就會忘掉剛剛想到的很多細節(jié)，進而甚至連查詞典查什么都不知道。

而很多考生在準備考試的時候甚至沒有專門查過詞典，這很令人費解。一方面自己都確信自己的詞匯量不夠的情況下，另外一方面又堅決不肯查詞典，這樣自相矛盾的心理也并非沒有解釋：他們覺得自己正在背的詞匯書也許應(yīng)該能夠解決問題，并且他們從來都不覺得查詞典有多么重要。

查過一次詞典就知道不查詞典有多么吃虧了?！皷|北虎”，是“North Chinese Tiger”，甚至直接寫“Chinese Tiger”就行;“揚子鱷”，是“Chinese Alligator”;“丹頂鶴”，是字對字的翻譯“Red Crown Crane”。這種詞，只要去查，查到之后看過一遍就不會忘。費勁么?一點都不。三五秒鐘之后，作文就有實力獲得滿分了(請自行對照作文評分標準)，不用什么高級詞匯、不用什么閃光句型，非常樸素地寫：We should protect those endangered animals, because they are very important, for example, Chinese Tiger, Chinese Alligator, Red Crown Crane, and so on.

有些讀者反應(yīng)快，問，那剛剛那篇關(guān)于“人們?yōu)槭裁丛絹碓介L壽”的作文，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有了40個詞的篇幅，然后你又提供了幾個諸如猩紅熱(Scarlet fever)、百日咳(Whooping cough)、肺結(jié)核(Tuberculosis)之類的例子，那才50個詞不到的篇幅啊，不還是不夠100個詞么?其實再往下就很簡單了。我可以說：

你看，我小的時候就得過猩紅熱，可是很快就治愈了。所以，不僅沒有死掉，現(xiàn)在還好好的，坐在考場里參加你們設(shè)計得托?？荚?。而我爸爸的一個兄弟，很小的時候得了同樣的病，治不好就夭折了。所以，現(xiàn)在的嬰兒死亡率要比過去低很多，也因此平均壽命比過去更長了……很容易就寫夠100詞的!

寫作文就是這樣，寫出一個主題句(Topic Sentence)，然后就要越來越具體地解釋，解釋到一些具體的細節(jié)，就可以再就著那寫具體的細節(jié)展開后繼的論述。而很多學生寫到匯交之處就沒有東西可寫了，于是就出現(xiàn)了“斷層”(地理學專業(yè)詞匯是“fault”);而后繼的內(nèi)容就根本不可能存在了。

這樣清楚地了解到自己寫作文的困境根源所在，就很容易明白“不僅要列大綱，還要落實具體細節(jié)，然后查詞典”這個樸實的建議有多么合理多么重要了。另附一篇針對“人們?yōu)槭裁丛絹碓介L壽”這道托福作文題的樣文(即便這篇文章里可能有一些這樣那樣的錯誤，但它滿足了滿分評分標準的每一個條目，所以，可以獲得滿分)：

The improvement of food condition seems to be a very important factor. Compared to the past, much more assorted foods are available and at the same time they are more nutritious. Coarse food grain such as maize or sorghum had already been replaced by wheat flour and rice. Even the quality of drinking water has been improved. Water from river, water from well, and even tap water is no longer directly taken in; what is now drunk is more likely to be mineral water, purified water, or distilled water. Besides, better nourishments are now cheaply and readily available: a diverse array of vitamins can be supplemented by a single tiny pill.Equally important is the development of modern medical technology. Finer medicine and more effective treatments are continually developed and perfected, which means that many diseases for which there had been no previous effective treatment can now be easily cured. In the past, many pediatric diseases such as scarlet fever or whooping cough could cause an extremely high infant mortality. But now, such diseases are no longer considered as fatal any more. It’s very easy to make a long list containing such diseases which can now be easily cured but could not in the past: arthritis, tuberculosis, syphilis; cardiac trouble… In fact, the list is nearly endless.

Matching the improvement of food condition and the development of modern medical technology is another essential factor, the stability of social and economic environment. An obvious example is this: any war may well influence life expectancy of rival countries. On the contrary, in a relatively stable and secure environment, one is much more likely to be healthy. An insecure society can cause more stress, and under such stress, one is quite unlikely to be healthy. Studies have proved that one’s immune system would not function well when the stress is intolerable. Intolerable stress is in fact not rare at all, say, when the society undergoes an economic crisis.[325 Words]

別有任何疑問。對，這篇文章就沒有所謂常規(guī)的“開頭”和“結(jié)尾”，只有三個理由構(gòu)成的三個段落。但這種考試從來沒有要求過考生一定要寫“五段式作文”。請認真閱讀《新托?？荚嚬俜街改稀返?59頁的倒數(shù)三個段落：Do not “memorize” long introductory and concluding paragraphs just to add words to your essay. Raters will not look favorably on wordy introductory and concluding paragraphs such as the following:

“The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, cannot e underestimated as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.”

“In conclusion, although I have to accept that it is imperative that something be done about creating a new holiday for people and find the underlying thrust of the implied proposal utterly convincing, I cannot help but feel wary of taking such irrevocable steps and personally feel that a more measured approach would be more rewarding.”

托福作文多與少并不是影響你高分的障礙，寫出真實而又豐富的內(nèi)容，那才是托福寫作高分的王道。

以上，就是本文的全部內(nèi)容分享，希望能給同學們帶來參考，如果您還有怎樣才能寫出高質(zhì)量的托福作文？其他方面的疑問，歡迎隨時在線咨詢客服老師。

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