托福閱讀考試分?jǐn)?shù)低的原因?qū)嵗治?/h1>

2023-10-07 10:56:12 來(lái)源：中國(guó)教育在線

隨著人們經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高，對(duì)于很多家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，留學(xué)不再是一個(gè)可望而不可及的事情，許多人都想要留學(xué)，那其中托福閱讀考試分?jǐn)?shù)低的原因?qū)嵗治?？針?duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，下面中國(guó)教育在線小編就來(lái)和大家分享一下。

在新托?？荚囍?，很多考生容易疏忽的就是閱讀，由于在跟各種英語(yǔ)考試的過(guò)招中，絕大局部人會(huì)覺(jué)得閱讀是本人的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)。但是這種認(rèn)知不一定準(zhǔn)確。不少這樣的學(xué)生，自認(rèn)閱讀不錯(cuò)，實(shí)踐考出來(lái)的分?jǐn)?shù)只要22分左右，以至?xí)?。ETS對(duì)閱讀高程度（High level）的評(píng)定規(guī)范是22—30分。而事實(shí)上，閱讀假如達(dá)不到25分以上，總分想要過(guò)百會(huì)比擬艱難，由于這相當(dāng)于把掙分的壓力轉(zhuǎn)移到了大局部人比擬弱的聽(tīng)力、口語(yǔ)、寫(xiě)作上面。由此可見(jiàn)，閱讀獲得高分關(guān)于取得百分以上的托福成果是一種確保！

主要丟分的原因：

　　1. 做題目太快了，大家都追求速度，好像速度快了成績(jī)就好，托福的閱讀相對(duì)而言還是比較簡(jiǎn)單的，考試的中心是準(zhǔn)確率，而不是速度!　　2. 單詞你認(rèn)為背出就背出來(lái)了嗎?對(duì)于單詞的理解深度很重要!你知道的應(yīng)該是在文中它準(zhǔn)確的內(nèi)在英文含義，而不單是中文含意!　　3. 做題目的方法很重要，建議大家讀文章時(shí)一句一句的讀。其實(shí)你仔細(xì)讀了，托福的文章是不會(huì)像GRE文章那樣搞腦子的!　　4. 對(duì)于托福詞匯題目的問(wèn)題，可能考的比較難一些，托福的詞匯會(huì)考到具體一些詞匯的用法，而且這些詞匯很可能是同義詞。建議大家用詞根和詞綴的方法背單詞，因?yàn)檫@樣對(duì)于理解單詞的含義是科學(xué)的，而且記住之后一般不會(huì)忘記?！　?. 關(guān)于閱讀中的單詞替換問(wèn)題，應(yīng)該屬于語(yǔ)法的范疇，仔細(xì)把文章中句子的結(jié)構(gòu)搞搞懂，主，謂，賓畫(huà)畫(huà)干凈，應(yīng)該沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的!

　　那么為什么很多自以為閱讀不錯(cuò)的考生不一定能在這一局部熠熠生輝呢？ 這是由于新托福閱讀考試存在一些“絆馬索”?！　　敖O馬索”一：細(xì)節(jié)題考察準(zhǔn)確定位?！　⊥懈ｉ喿x中的細(xì)節(jié)題其實(shí)不難，但前提是定位的點(diǎn)要對(duì)，比方下面這個(gè)例題：　　Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.　　According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?　　A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.　　B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.　　C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.　　D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it once occupied.　　這是一個(gè)典型的細(xì)節(jié)題，在該題題干中，有的考生會(huì)選擇Puget Sound作為關(guān)鍵詞回原文定位，由于它是專(zhuān)有名詞，在文中會(huì)比擬顯眼。但是假如一旦選擇了這個(gè)地名，勢(shì)必會(huì)定位在該段的第一句話，托福細(xì)節(jié)題常常是定位在哪句就在哪句找答案，這樣的話考生是選不出正確答案的，由于定位不準(zhǔn)確。其實(shí)正確的關(guān)鍵詞應(yīng)該是white-tailed deer，這個(gè)用連字符銜接的詞在文章中也是比擬醒目的，按該詞定位應(yīng)是該段后一句話。所以依據(jù)它的意義應(yīng)該選D項(xiàng)。其中A項(xiàng)與原句意義不符，B和C都與定位句信息無(wú)關(guān)。我們?cè)賮?lái)看另外一個(gè)否認(rèn)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的例子：　　Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly, and their structure depends on the particular history of the area. Ecologists use the term “succession” to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time. The first community in a succession is called a pioneer community, while the long-lived community at the end of succession is called a climax community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes—in plant numbers and the mix of species—are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years.　　According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?　　A. They occur at the end of a succession.　　B. They last longer than any other type of community.　　C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species do not change　　D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.　　這個(gè)題大家都會(huì)選擇用climax communities去定位，但在定位過(guò)程中會(huì)呈現(xiàn)很多問(wèn)題。首先考生要學(xué)會(huì)騰躍式定位，即依據(jù)文章中特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)以及醒目的詞來(lái)搜索我們真正需求的關(guān)鍵詞。文中的particular是加了陰影的，succession是在引號(hào)里面的，都十分醒目，經(jīng)過(guò)看這兩個(gè)詞我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們左近沒(méi)有我們需求的東西；再比擬突出的就是數(shù)字及破折號(hào)，在500的上方有a climax community，但它是單數(shù)，與題干關(guān)鍵詞不完整匹配，細(xì)節(jié)題考究的是準(zhǔn)確定位，所以我們應(yīng)該選擇500斜下方的Climax communities，即該段的后一句話。否認(rèn)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的出題思緒有兩種：一是無(wú)中生有，即依據(jù)定位點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只要一個(gè)沒(méi)有提到，這種思緒多適用于選項(xiàng)比擬簡(jiǎn)短的標(biāo)題；二是張冠李戴，即依據(jù)定位點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容表述，只要一個(gè)選項(xiàng)與之矛盾，這種思緒多順應(yīng)于選項(xiàng)比擬長(zhǎng)的標(biāo)題。就這個(gè)例題而言，依據(jù)定位的后一句話，從表述上來(lái)說(shuō)跟它相關(guān)的只要C和D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)的意義與原句相符，而C項(xiàng)與原句矛盾，所以正確答案是C。綜上所述，做新托福閱讀的細(xì)節(jié)題，重要的一點(diǎn)就是要盡量地去準(zhǔn)確定位。　　“絆馬索”二：無(wú)方向中躲藏方向。　　新托福閱讀考試中絕大局部標(biāo)題都是對(duì)應(yīng)詳細(xì)段落的，這會(huì)為考生儉省很多時(shí)間。但是也不掃除有少量標(biāo)題的范圍比擬大或比擬含糊，考生在尋覓答案時(shí)難免一頭霧水，費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力。其實(shí)這些看似沒(méi)有明白定位方向的標(biāo)題都是隱藏玄機(jī)的。下面我們就來(lái)看一個(gè)例子：　　Wind power has a significant cost advantage over nuclear power and has become competitive with coal-fired power plants in many places. With new technological advances and mass production, projected cost declines should make wind power one of the world’s cheapest ways to produce electricity. In the long run, electricity from large wind farms in remote areas might be used to make hydrogen gas from water during periods when there is less than peak demand for electricity. The hydrogen gas could then be fed into a storage system and used to generate electricity when additional or backup power is needed.　　Wind power is most economical in areas with steady winds. In areas where the wind dies down, backup electricity from a utility company or from an energy storage system becomes necessary. Backup power could also be provided by linking wind farms with a solar cell, with conventional or pumped-storage hydropower, or with efficient natural-gas-burning turbines. Some drawbacks to wind farms include visual pollution and noise, although these can be overcome by improving their design and locating them in isolated areas.　　Based on the information in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4, what can be inferred about the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas mentioned at the end of paragraph 1?　　A.They rely largely on coal-fired power plants.　　B.They contain remote areas where the winds rarely die down.　　C.Over 1 percent of the electricity in these states is produced by wind farms.　　D.Wind farms in these states are being expanded to meet the power needs of the United States.　　這個(gè)標(biāo)題的題干預(yù)及到三個(gè)段落，而事實(shí)上考生基本不需求去看第一段的內(nèi)容，由于答案根據(jù)的是第三、四段的信息，但是這兩個(gè)段落假如都看的話內(nèi)容也不少，從應(yīng)試的角度來(lái)說(shuō)太費(fèi)時(shí)間。正確的做法應(yīng)該是從選項(xiàng)中發(fā)掘一下方向。A項(xiàng)里大家普通都會(huì)選擇有連字符的coal-fired作為關(guān)鍵詞去定位，B項(xiàng)沒(méi)有比擬顯眼的詞就只能選名詞短語(yǔ)remote areas，C項(xiàng)選1 percent， D項(xiàng)選the United States。選完關(guān)鍵詞我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)除了B項(xiàng)不大好定位以外，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞都很醒目。經(jīng)過(guò)定位，A項(xiàng)應(yīng)該去比對(duì)第3段的第一句話，意義明顯矛盾；B項(xiàng)不好找，能夠暫且跳過(guò)；C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞在這兩段都找不到，這就屬于新托福閱讀中推理題的錯(cuò)誤答案設(shè)計(jì)辦法之一 —— 無(wú)中生有。所以固然我們沒(méi)有去考證B項(xiàng)的說(shuō)法能否正確，但經(jīng)過(guò)掃除也只能選B了。這樣的做題辦法就會(huì)省時(shí)省力，且答案也是正確的。在考試中，這種狀況常常會(huì)影響考生的心情，進(jìn)而影響程度的發(fā)揮，但是只需我們理解了ETS出題的套路就能把它們輕松搞定?！　】紙?chǎng)如戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，只要知己知彼方能戰(zhàn)無(wú)不勝。理解了ETS在設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)題時(shí)所運(yùn)用的“絆馬索”，我們就能夠很好地做到事半功倍。

以上，就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容分享，希望能給同學(xué)們帶來(lái)參考，如果您還有托福閱讀考試分?jǐn)?shù)低的原因?qū)嵗治銎渌矫娴囊蓡?wèn)，歡迎隨時(shí)在線咨詢(xún)客服老師。

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