The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl劍橋雅思10聽力-原文翻譯及答案解析

一、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力原文：

VICTOR:Right, well, for our presentation shall I start with the early life of Thor Heyerdahl?

OLIVIA:Sure.

Why don't you begin with describing the type of boy he was, especially - his passion for collecting things.

VICTOR:That's right, he had his own little museum.

And I think it's unusual for children to develop their own values and not join in their parents' hobbies;

I’m thinking of how Heyerdahl wouldn't go hunting with his dad, for example.

OLIVIA:Yeah, he preferred to learn about nature by listening to his mother read to him.

And quite early on he knew he wanted to become an explorer when he grew up.

That came from his camping trips he went on in Norway I think...

VICTOR:No, - it was climbing that he spent his time on as a young man.

OLIVIA:Oh, right...

After university he married a classmate and together, - they decided to experience living on a small island, - to find out how harsh weather conditions shaped people's lifestyles.

VICTOR:As part of their preparation before they left home, they learnt basic survival skills tike building a shelter.

I guess they needed that knowledge in order to live wild in a remote location with few inhabitants, cut off by the sea, which is what they were aiming to do.

OLIVIA:An important part of your talk should be the radical theory Heyerdahl formed from examining mysterious ancient carvings that he happened to find on the island.

I think you should finish with that.

VICTOR:OK.

OLIVIA:All right, Victor, so after your part I'll talk about Thor Heyerdahl's adult life, continuing from the theory he had about Polynesian migration.

Up until that time of course, academics had believed that humans first migrated to the islands in Polynesia from Asia, in the west.

VICTOR:Yes,  they thought that travel from the east was impossible, because of the huge, empty stretch of ocean that lies between the islands and the nearest inhabited land.

OLIVIA:Yes, but Heyerdahl spent ages studying the cloud movements, ocean currents and wind patterns to find if it was actually possible.

And another argument was that there was no tradition of large ship-building in the communities lying to the east of Polynesia.

But Heyerdahl knew they made lots of coastal voyages in locally built canoes.

VICTOR:Yes, or sailing on rafts, as was shown by the long voyage that Heyerdahl did next.

It was an incredibly risky journey to undertake—sometimes I wonder if he did that trip for private reasons, you know?

To show others that he could have spectacular adventures.

What do you think, Olivia?

OLIVIA:Well,  I think it was more a matter of simply trying out his idea, to see if migration from the east was possible.

VICTOR:Yes, that's probably it.

And the poor guy suffered a bit at that time because the war forced him to stop his work for some years...

OLIVIA:Yes.

When he got started again and planned his epic voyage, do you think it was important to him that he achieve it before anyone else did?

VICTOR:Um, I haven't read anywhere that that was his motivation.

The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.

OLIVIA:Yes.

I wonder how fast it went.

VICTOR:Well, it took them 97 days from South America to the Pacific Islands.

OLIVIA:Mm.

And after that, Heyerdahl went to Easter Island, didn't he?

We should the purpose of that trip.

I think he sailed there in a boat made out of reeds.

VICTOR:No, that was later on in Egypt, Olivia.

OLIVIA:Oh, yes, that’s right.

VICTOR:But what he wanted to do was  talk to the local people about their old stone carvings and then make one himself to learn more about the process.

OLIVIA:I see.

Well, what a great life.

Even though many of his theories have been disproven, he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines, didn't he?

To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modem academics call practical archaeology.

I mean, that they try to recreate something from the past today, like he did with his raft trip.

It's unfortunate that his ideas about where Polynesians originated from have been completely discredited.

VICTOR:Yes.

Right, well, I'll prepare a PowerPoint slide at the end that acknowledges our sources.

I mainly used The Life and Work of Thor Heyerdahl by William Oliver.

I thought the research methods he used were very sound,  although I must say I found the overall tone somewhat old-fashioned.

I think they need to do a new, revised edition.

OLIVIA:Yeah.

I agree.

What about the subject matter—I found it realty challenging!

VICTOR:Well, it's a complex issue...

OLIVIA:I thought the book had lots of good points.

What did you think of...

二、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力中文翻譯：

維克多：好的，那么，在我們的演講中，我應(yīng)該從托爾·海爾達(dá)爾的早期生活開始嗎？

奧利維亞：當(dāng)然

你為什么不先描述一下他是什么樣的男孩，尤其是他對(duì)收集東西的熱情

維克多：沒錯(cuò)，他有自己的小博物館

我認(rèn)為孩子們發(fā)展自己的價(jià)值觀而不加入父母的愛好是不尋常的；

例如，我在想海爾達(dá)爾怎么會(huì)不和他爸爸一起去打獵

奧利維亞：是的，他更喜歡聽媽媽給他朗讀，來了解大自然

他很早就知道長大后想成為一名探險(xiǎn)家

那是他在挪威野營的結(jié)果我想

維克多：不，-他年輕時(shí)花時(shí)間在爬山上

奧利維亞：哦，對(duì)了

大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他和一位同學(xué)結(jié)婚，他們決定在一個(gè)小島上體驗(yàn)生活，以了解惡劣的天氣條件是如何影響人們的生活方式的

維克多：作為他們離家前準(zhǔn)備工作的一部分，他們學(xué)習(xí)了基本的生存技能，比如建造庇護(hù)所

我想他們需要這些知識(shí)，才能在一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離大海、人煙稀少的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)野外生活，這正是他們的目標(biāo)

奧利維亞：你演講的一個(gè)重要部分應(yīng)該是海爾達(dá)爾通過研究他碰巧在島上發(fā)現(xiàn)的神秘古代雕刻而形成的激進(jìn)理論

我想你應(yīng)該把它做完

維克多：好的

奧利維亞：好吧，維克多，在你演完這一角色后，我將繼續(xù)討論托爾·海爾達(dá)爾的成年生活，繼續(xù)他關(guān)于波利尼西亞移民的理論

當(dāng)然，在此之前，學(xué)者們一直認(rèn)為，人類首先是從西方的亞洲遷徙到波利尼西亞群島的

維克多：是的，他們認(rèn)為從東方旅行是不可能的，因?yàn)閸u嶼和最近有人居住的土地之間有一大片空曠的海洋

奧利維亞：是的，但海爾達(dá)爾花了很長時(shí)間研究云層運(yùn)動(dòng)、洋流和風(fēng)的模式，以發(fā)現(xiàn)這是否真的可能

另一個(gè)論點(diǎn)是，波利尼西亞東部的社區(qū)沒有建造大型船只的傳統(tǒng)

但海爾達(dá)爾知道，他們經(jīng)常乘坐當(dāng)?shù)刂圃斓莫?dú)木舟進(jìn)行沿海航行

維克多：是的，或者像海爾達(dá)爾接下來的長途航行所顯示的那樣，乘木筏航行

這是一次極其冒險(xiǎn)的旅行，有時(shí)我想知道他是不是出于私人原因，你知道嗎？

向其他人展示他可以進(jìn)行精彩的冒險(xiǎn)

你覺得怎么樣，奧利維亞？

奧利維亞：嗯，我認(rèn)為這更簡單的是嘗試他的想法，看看是否有可能從東方移民過來

維克多：是的，可能就是這樣

那個(gè)可憐的家伙當(dāng)時(shí)也有點(diǎn)痛苦，因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭迫使他停止工作幾年

奧利維亞：是的

當(dāng)他重新開始并計(jì)劃他的史詩般的航行時(shí)，你認(rèn)為他比其他人更早實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)對(duì)他來說重要嗎？

維克多：嗯，我沒有讀到任何地方說那是他的動(dòng)機(jī)

最重要的因素似乎是他只使用古代技術(shù)和當(dāng)?shù)夭牧蟻斫ㄔ焖哪痉?/p>

奧利維亞：是的

我想知道它跑得有多快

維克多：嗯，他們從南美洲到太平洋島嶼花了97天的時(shí)間

奧利維亞：嗯

之后，海爾達(dá)爾去了復(fù)活節(jié)島，不是嗎？

我們應(yīng)該知道那次旅行的目的

我想他是坐著蘆葦做的船去的

維克多：不，那是后來在埃及發(fā)生的事，奧利維亞

奧利維亞：哦，是的，沒錯(cuò)

維克多：但他想做的是和當(dāng)?shù)厝苏務(wù)勊麄兊呐f石雕，然后自己制作一個(gè)，以了解更多的工藝

奧利維亞：我明白了

哦，多么美好的生活啊

盡管他的許多理論都被推翻了，但他確實(shí)在許多學(xué)科上留下了持久的印象，不是嗎？

在我看來，他是第一個(gè)建立現(xiàn)代學(xué)術(shù)界稱之為實(shí)用考古學(xué)的人

我的意思是，他們?cè)噲D重現(xiàn)今天的過去，就像他在木筏旅行中所做的那樣

不幸的是，他關(guān)于波利尼西亞人起源于何處的想法已經(jīng)完全失信了

維克多：是的

好吧，我會(huì)在最后準(zhǔn)備一張PowerPoint幻燈片，感謝我們的消息來源

我主要使用威廉·奧利弗的《托爾·海爾達(dá)爾的生活和作品》

我認(rèn)為他使用的研究方法非常合理，盡管我必須說，我發(fā)現(xiàn)總體基調(diào)有些過時(shí)

我認(rèn)為他們需要做一個(gè)新的修訂版

奧利維亞：是的

我同意

那主題呢？我發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有挑戰(zhàn)性！

維克多：嗯，這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的問題

奧利維亞：我覺得這本書有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)

你覺得

三、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力問題：

Question 21-22

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO hobbies was Thor Heyerdahl very interested in as a youth?

A. camping

B. climbing

C. collecting

D. hunting

E. reading

Question 23-24

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which do the speakers say are the TWO reasons why Heyerdahl went to live on an island?

A. to examine ancient carvings

B. to experience an isolated place

C. to formulate a new theory

D. to learn survival skills

E. to study the impact of an extreme environment

Question 25-30

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

25.According to Victor and Olivia, academics thought that Polynesian migration from the east was impossible due to

A. the fact that Eastern countries were far away.

B. the lack of materials for boat building.

C. the direction of the winds and currents.

26.Which do the speakers agree was the main reason for Heyerdahl’s raft journey?

A. to overcome a research setback

B. to demonstrate a personal quality

C. to test a new theory

27.What was most important to Heyerdahl about his raft journey?

A. the fact that he was the first person to do it

B. the speed of crossing the Pacific

C. the use of authentic construction methods

28.Why did Heyerdahl go to Easter Island?

A. to build a stone statue

B. to sail a reed boat

C. to learn the local language

29.In Olivia’s opinion, Heyerdahl’s greatest influence was on

A. theories about Polynesian origins.

B. the development of archaeological methodology.

C. establishing archaeology as an academic subject.

30.Which criticism do the speakers make of William Oliver's textbook?

A. Its style is out of date.

B. Its content is over-simplified.

C. Its methodology is flawed.

四、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力答案：

21.B

22.C

23.B

24.E

25.A

26.C

27.C

28.A

29.B

30.A

五、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力答案解析

25. A　本題最容易錯(cuò)選成C 選項(xiàng)the direction of the winds and currents，因?yàn)槁牭皆暮芮逦刈x出ocean currents，但這不是學(xué)術(shù)界的觀點(diǎn)

Heyerdahl 花時(shí)間研究了云層運(yùn)動(dòng)、洋流和風(fēng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)模式之后，他覺得從西方到東方是可能的但學(xué)術(shù)界認(rèn)為根本不可能，因?yàn)閎ecause of the huge,

empty stretch（延伸；鴻溝）of ocean that lies between the islands，而本題要選的正是為什么學(xué)術(shù)界認(rèn)為不可能，因此答案選A至于B 選項(xiàng)，后

文雖然提到another argument（另外一個(gè)爭論）...no tradition of large shipbuilding（沒有大型造船傳統(tǒng)），但B 選項(xiàng)的意思是沒有材料造船，屬于偷換原文的概念，同時(shí)原文后來也提到Heyerdahl 其實(shí)是通過劃raft/canoe（獨(dú)木舟）最后到達(dá)了東方因此B 也是錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)

26. C　首先需要明確本題選擇的是Oliva 的觀點(diǎn)，而原文中提到的To show others that he could have spectacular adventures. 是Victor 的觀點(diǎn)，所以不能選B較難區(qū)分的是選項(xiàng)A to overcome a research setback 和C 選項(xiàng)to test a new theory注意原文的用詞是simply trying out his idea，即嘗試一下、檢驗(yàn)一下，因此答案為CA 選項(xiàng)的意思是克服研究的失敗，與simply try 的意思不一致

27. C　雖然原文一開始提到了he achieve it before anyone else did，但很快被后文的I haven’t read anywhere that that was his motivation（我還沒有讀到驅(qū)使他做這件事的原因）否定，這說明“成為第一人”對(duì)于Heyerdahl 來說并不重要，因此A 為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)后文接著提到The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.（最重要的是他僅僅使用古老的技術(shù)和當(dāng)?shù)氐牟牧蟻斫ㄔ焖莫?dú)木舟），所以C 為正確選項(xiàng)后面說的I wonder how fast it went 只是對(duì)這個(gè)問題的延伸，屬于干擾信息，所以B 也是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)

28. A　本題很容易誤選B 選項(xiàng)to sail a reed boat，因?yàn)樵氖紫惹宄靥岬絯e should mention the purpose（目的）of that trip 后，接著緊跟了一句I think he sailed（航行）there in a boat made out of reeds（蘆葦），但這并不是Heyerdahl 去東方島嶼的原因，這只是Olivia 補(bǔ)充的一個(gè)信息再接著后面有一個(gè)清楚的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，并且還有一個(gè)表示意愿的短語what he wanted to do...，那么此處便是回答了題目中why 的部分再看原文他與當(dāng)?shù)厝说慕徽劊鋵?shí)是為了自己也能動(dòng)手建一個(gè)stone carvings（石雕），而不是為了學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z言，因此C 也是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)

29. B　首先注意到even though 表示盡管，所以這部分并不是說話者想要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)當(dāng)聽到he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines（注意discipline 在此處表示學(xué)科），didn’t he? To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology，明確了他是建立現(xiàn)代學(xué)術(shù)界稱之為“實(shí)踐考古學(xué)”的第一人因此是Heyerdahl 發(fā)展了考古學(xué)這門學(xué)科，而不是他把考古學(xué)創(chuàng)建為一門學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)科，所以答案選B，其中methodology 表示方法論選項(xiàng)C 為干擾項(xiàng)盡管后面還提到了his ideas about where Polynesians originated from...，但不能選A，因?yàn)檫@句話前面先出現(xiàn)了unfortunately，表明說話者對(duì)后面的內(nèi)容是抱有遺憾的態(tài)度，同時(shí)，句末還出現(xiàn)了completely discredited，其中credit 的意思是“信用”，加上前綴dis-，即變?yōu)椤安豢上嘈拧钡囊馑?/p>

30. A　首先明確sound 作形容詞時(shí)表示“健全的，完好的”，那么C 便是錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閒lawed 的意為“有瑕疵的”原文中接著提到I found the overall tone Somewhat oldfashioned（過時(shí)的，陳舊的），對(duì)應(yīng)A 選項(xiàng)中的out-of-date另外，這里的tone 表示的是文章的風(fēng)格，也對(duì)應(yīng)A 選項(xiàng)中的style，因此選項(xiàng)A 是正確的注意區(qū)分后面說的it’s a complex issue，it 指代的是前面提到的subject matter（主題），結(jié)合全文的意思，Victor 和Olivia 是在討論他們要做的presentation 的主題該定什么好，而不是在討論本書的內(nèi)容簡單(over-simplified) 與否，因此B 為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)

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