劍橋雅思13Test4閱讀passage1真題翻譯(2)

劍橋雅思13Test4閱讀passage1真題翻譯(2) 關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題下面小編就來(lái)為各個(gè)考生解答下。

劍橋雅思13Test4閱讀passage1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Cutty Sark: the fastest sailing ship of all time“

卡蒂薩克”號(hào):史上最快的帆船

Steam ships posed a growing threat to clippers, as their speed and cargo capacity increased. In addition, the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869，the same year that Cutty Sark was launched, had a serious impact. While steam ships could make use of the quick, direct route between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, the canal was of no use to sailing ships, which needed the much stronger winds of the oceans, and so had to sail a far greater distance. Steam ships reduced the journey time between Britain and China by approximately two months.

隨著蒸汽船的速度和承載能力的提高,它們逐漸對(duì)帆船造成威脅、此外,1869年蘇伊士運(yùn)河通航,即“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)正式服役的同一年,運(yùn)河的開(kāi)通對(duì)帆船也造成嚴(yán)重影響。雖然蒸汽船可利用地中海和紅海之間的直線快速航線,但運(yùn)河對(duì)帆船卻毫無(wú)用處,因?yàn)樗鼈冃枰獜?qiáng)勁的海風(fēng)驅(qū)動(dòng),因此必須航行更遠(yuǎn)的距離。旅汽船使英國(guó)和中國(guó)之間的航行時(shí)間減少了大約兩個(gè)月。

By 1878, tea traders weren’t interested in Cutty Sark, and instead, she took on the much less prestigious work of carrying any cargo between any two ports in the world. In 1880, violence aboard the ship led ultimately to the replacement of the captain with an incompetent drunkard who stole the crew’s wages. He was suspended from service, and a new captain appointed. This marked a turnaround and the beginning of the most successful period in Cutty Sark's working life, transporting wool from Australia to Britain. One such journey took just under 12 weeks, beating every other ship sailing that year by around a month.

到1878年時(shí),茶商們已經(jīng)對(duì)“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)失去了興趣,相反,它開(kāi)始承擔(dān)一些不那么光彩的工作,在世界上隨便兩個(gè)港口之間運(yùn)輸各種貨物、1880年,船上發(fā)生的暴力事件最終導(dǎo)致了船長(zhǎng)的更換,原船長(zhǎng)是一個(gè)無(wú)能的醉漢,他偷走了船員的工資。將他停職后,又任命了一位新的船長(zhǎng)。這標(biāo)志著一次轉(zhuǎn)機(jī),也標(biāo)志著“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)開(kāi)啟了一生中最輝煌的時(shí)期,它開(kāi)始從澳大利亞向英國(guó)運(yùn)輸羊毛。往返一次的時(shí)間不到12周,在當(dāng)年領(lǐng)先所有船只1個(gè)月的時(shí)間。

The ship’s next captain, Richard Woodget, was an excellent navigator, who got the best out of both his ship and his crew. As a sailing ship, Cutty Sark depended on the strong trade winds of the southern hemisphere, and Woodget took her further south than any previous captain, bringing her dangerously close to icebergs off the southern tip of South America. His gamble paid off, though, and the ship was the fastest vessel in the wool trade for ten years.

“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)的下一任船長(zhǎng) Richard Woodget是一位出色的航海家,他充分利用了卡蒂薩克”號(hào)和所有船員。作為一艘帆船,“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)依靠南半球強(qiáng)大的信風(fēng)才能航行。與其他船長(zhǎng)相比, Woodget把她帶到了前任船長(zhǎng)們沒(méi)到過(guò)的更南方,把她帶到了險(xiǎn)惡的南美洲南端的冰山附近。但他的賭博獲得了回報(bào),使“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)成為往后十年羊毛行業(yè)中最快的運(yùn)輸船。

As competition from steam ships increased in the 1890s, and Cutty Sark approached the end of her life expectancy, she became less profitable. She was sold to a Portuguese firm, which renamed her Ferreira. For the next 25 years, she again carried miscellaneous cargoes around the world.

隨著19世紀(jì)90年代來(lái)自蒸汽船的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)到達(dá)了生命的終點(diǎn),她變得不那么賺錢了。她被賣給了一家葡萄牙公司,改名為“‘費(fèi)雷拉”號(hào)。在隨后的25年中,她再次在全世界運(yùn)送著雜七雜八的貨物。

Badly damaged in a gale in 1922, she was put into Falmouth harbour in southwest England, for repairs. Wilfred Dowman, a retired sea captain who owned a training vessel, recognised her and tried to buy her, but without success. She returned to Portugal and was sold to another Portuguese company. Dowman was determined, however, and offered a high price: this was accepted, and the ship returned to Falmouth the following year and had her original name restored.

1922年,她在一場(chǎng)大風(fēng)中嚴(yán)重受損,便轉(zhuǎn)入位于英格蘭西南部的法爾茅斯港口進(jìn)行修理。擁有訓(xùn)練船的一位退休船長(zhǎng) Wilfred dowman認(rèn)出了這就是“卡蒂薩克”號(hào),試圖收購(gòu)她未果。之后,她又被送到葡萄牙,賣給另一家葡萄牙公司。然而, Dowman下定決心提出了更高的收購(gòu)價(jià)格:最終對(duì)方接受了這個(gè)價(jià)格。于是第二年她又被運(yùn)送到法爾茅斯恢復(fù)了最初的名字。

Dowman used Cutty Sark as a training ship, and she continued in this role after his death. When she was no longer required, in 1954, she was transferred to dry dock at Greenwich to go on public display. The ship suffered from fire in 2007, and again, less seriously, in 2014, but now Cutty Sark attracts a quarter of a million visitors a year.

Dowman把她作為一艘訓(xùn)練船使用,在他死后她也一直擔(dān)任這個(gè)角色。在她失去作用以后,1954年她被轉(zhuǎn)入格林尼治區(qū)的干船塢公開(kāi)陳列。該船于2007年遭遇了一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的火災(zāi),2014年又遭遇一場(chǎng)小火災(zāi),而現(xiàn)在“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)每年吸引了25萬(wàn)的游客前來(lái)參觀。

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