劍橋雅思13Test3閱讀passage1真題翻譯(1)

劍橋雅思13Test3閱讀passage1真題翻譯(1) 關(guān)于這個問題下面小編就來為各個考生解答下。

劍橋雅思13Test3閱讀passage1-The coconut palm椰子樹

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

For millennia, the coconut has been central to the lives of Polynesian and Asian peoples. In the western world, on the other hand, coconuts have always been exotic and unusual, sometimes rare. The Italian merchant traveller Marco Polo apparently saw coconuts in South Asia in the late 13th century, and among the mid-14th-century travel writings of Sir John Mandeville there is mention of ‘great Notes of Ynde’ (great Nuts of India). Today, images of palm-fringed tropical beaches are cliches in the west to sell holidays, chocolate bars, fizzy drinks and even romance.

數(shù)千年來,椰子在波利尼西亞和亞洲各民族人的生活中一直十分重要。但在西方,椰子卻一直是外來的、不同尋常的,有時甚至十分罕見。13世紀(jì)末,意大利遠(yuǎn)途商客馬可·波羅在南亞見到了椰子。14世紀(jì)中期,在約翰·曼德維爾爵士的游記中提到了“ greatNuts of ynde”(即“印度大堅果”)。如今,在西方推銷度假勝地、巧克力、汽水甚至販?zhǔn)劾寺r,棕櫚樹環(huán)繞的熱帶海灘都成了司空見慣的形象。

Typically, we envisage coconuts as brown cannonballs that, when opened, provide sweet white flesh. But we see only part of the fruit and none of the plant from which they come. The coconut palm has a smooth, slender, grey trunk, up to 30 metres tall. This is an important source of timber for building houses, and is increasingly being used as a replacement for endangered hardwoods in the furniture construction industry. The trunk is surmounted by a rosette of leaves, each of which may be up to six metres long. The leaves have hard veins in their centres which, in many parts of the world, are used as brushes after the green part of the leaf has been stripped away. Immature coconut flowers are tightly clustered together among the leaves at the top of the trunk. The flower stems may be tapped for their sap to produce a drink, and the sap can also be reduced by boiling to produce a type of sugar used for cooking.

我們常常把椰子想象成棕色的炮彈,打開時里面呈現(xiàn)出甜美的白色果肉。但我們只見到長出來的水果部分,而未曾認(rèn)識它所賴以生長的植株。椰子樹的灰色樹干光滑細(xì)長,可以長到30米高。它是建造房屋的重要木料,并且在家具制造行業(yè),正逐步取代瀕危的硬木品種。它的樹干頂部簇?fù)碇貦叭~,每片可長達(dá)6米。這些葉片的中央生有硬質(zhì)的葉脈。在世界很多地方,人們會去掉葉子綠色的部分,將剩下的部分制成刷子。尚未成熟的椰子花苞會緊緊地簇?fù)碓跇涓身敳康臉淙~中間。人們會提取花莖的汁液來做成飲品,也可以煮沸后做成一種烹飪使用的糖。

Coconut palms produce as many as seventy fruits per year, weighing more than a kilogram each. The wall of the fruit has three layers: a waterproof outer layer, a fibrous middle layer and a hard, inner layer. The thick fibrous middle layer produces coconut fibre, ‘coir’，which has numerous uses and is particularly important in manufacturing ropes. The woody innermost layer, the shell, with its three prominent ‘eyes，，surrounds the seed. An important product obtained from the shell is charcoal, which is widely used in various industries as well as in the home as a cooking fuel. When broken in half, the shells are also used as bowls in many parts of Asia.

椰樹每年可長出多達(dá)70個椰果,每個都超過1公斤。椰子壁分為3層:防水的外果皮、纖維層的中果皮、質(zhì)地堅硬的內(nèi)果皮。厚厚的中果皮纖維可以做成椰子纖維,即“椰衣”,它有很多用途,尤其是用來做繩索。堅硬的最內(nèi)層果皮即椰殼上帶有3個突出的“眼晴”,它們圍繞著種子。椰殼很重要的一項用途是做木炭,除了在家中用作烹飪?nèi)剂弦酝?這種木炭還廣泛用于其他行業(yè)。在亞洲許多地方,人們還把椰殼剖成兩半當(dāng)碗用。

Inside the shell are the nutrients (endosperm) needed by the developing seed. Initially, the endosperm is a sweetish liquid, coconut water, which is enjoyed as a drink, but also provides the hormones which encourage other plants to grow more rapidly and produce higher yields. As the fruit matures, the coconut water gradually solidifies to form the brilliant white, fat-rich, edible flesh or meat. Dried coconut flesh, ‘copra，，is made into coconut oil and coconut milk, which are widely used in cooking in different parts of the world, as well as in cosmetics. A derivative of coconut fat, glycerine, acquired strategic importance in a quite different sphere, as Alfred Nobel introduced the world to his nitroglycerine-based invention: dynamite.

榔殼內(nèi)是種子發(fā)育所需的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)(即胚乳)。最初,胚乳是一種甘甜的液體,即椰子汁,它可以作為飲品享用,同時也提供一種激素,可以促使其他植物更快速地生長并提高產(chǎn)量。隨著果實的成熟,椰子汁逐漸凝固,形成亮白色、富含脂肪的可食用果肉或椰肉風(fēng)干的椰肉即“椰仁干”可以制成椰子油和椰奶,它廣泛應(yīng)用于化妝品及世界各地的烹飪中。阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾發(fā)明了以硝酸甘油為原料的炸藥后,椰子油的衍生品甘油便在一個完全不同的領(lǐng)域起著戰(zhàn)略性作用。

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